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In a comparison of tank culture and net pen farming of almaco jack, the offshore operations were about twice as efficient per kilogram of product in terms of energy use and carbon inputs. 

Developing a spatial model that projects emissions caused by mangrove forest loss to overcome current limitations in global estimations. 

Maine-based Running Tide uses carbon-capture and oyster farming techniques – using both low and high technology – to restore ocean health. 

Running Tide is teaming up with Deloitte to conduct an independent review of its carbon removal technology. 

Marine microalgae-based aquaculture has the potential to provide greater than 100 percent of global protein demand by 2050. 

Prof. Claude Boyd on the importance of carbon-nitrogen ratios for pond fertilization and biofloc systems, and the relevance of precise carbohydrate inputs. 

Study shows biofloc has positive effects on the immune response of Pacific white shrimp juveniles and can result in increased resistance to the IMNV virus. 

Liming is an important management tool for preparing aquaculture ponds between and during production cycles. Several products are sometimes used in aquaculture for liming production ponds, including agricultural limestone, calcium silicate (CaSiO3) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). 

Prof. Boyd discusses the role of bacteria in the biological dynamics of ponds as essential for maintaining proper ecological function and adequate water quality. 

Sanacore®GM and Aqualyso® from Adisseo are aquafeed additives with a long history of successful use on shrimp farms facing common diseases. 

Biotechnology firm NovoNutrients aims to produce a line of nutraceutical aquafeed additives as well as a bulk feed ingredient that can supplement fishmeal. Its process includes feeding carbon dioxide from industrial gas to a “microbial consortium” starring hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria. 

Phytoplankton has several important effects on water quality, including removing ammonia nitrogen from water and absorbing nutrients from the water for its growth. Abundance of blue-green algae tends to increase as nutrient inputs in aquafeeds or fertilizers increase. 

Bill Mook’s oyster farm is adapting to more frequent and intense rains, more acidic and warming seawater and other challenges that climate change brings. 

Grown for hundreds of years, seaweed (sugar kelp, specifically) is the fruit of a nascent U.S. aquaculture industry supplying chefs, home cooks and inspiring fresh and frozen food products. 

Ongoing research on seafood packaging systems is identifying the most effective packaging methods for different products. Some have longer shelf life while others do well with only basic wraps. 

Increasing dietary protein can increase the nutritive value of biofloc, while wheat flour additions can compensate for reduced dietary protein. 

Life cycle assessment studies the environmental and other potential impacts throughout a product’s life, starting at raw material and following it through production, use and disposal. 

With global aquaculture expanding, the industry is adopting carbon mitigation strategies for aquafeeds to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.